| Author | Date | Keywords | Written works | Response |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Socrates | 470-399BC | dialectics, virtue, ethics, truth | () | - |
| Plato | 427-355BC | transcendant forms, philosopher as ruler | () | - |
| Diogenes | 399-323 BC | opposition, cynicism | - () | - |
| Lao Tzu (Laozi) | 4th century BC | Tao | (4th century BC) | - |
| Chuang Tzu (Zhuangzi) | 4th century BC | Tao | (4th century BC) | - |
| Euclid | 325-265 BC | Geometry | () | - |
| Aristotle | 384-322 BC | () | - | |
| Epicurus | 341-270 BC | () | - | |
| Strato of Lampsacus | 340-268 BC | () | - | |
| Pyrrho of Elis | 360-270 BC | () | - | |
| Zeno of Citium | 333-264 BC | () | - |